Type-writing machine.



No. 67|,262. Patented Apr. 2, I90l.

' D. BRIGGS &. W. H. SHEPARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed Doc. 1, 1898.|

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No. 67!,262. Patented Apr. 2, Mil. D. BRIGGS 8. W. H. SHEPARD.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE. (Application filed. Dec. 1, 189B.)

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(No Model.)

E U m M w 9. IN.. 1V0. .M/ w y J m. E 5 5 E N w w NITED STATES PATENT FFIcE.

DANIEL BRIGGS AND WILLIAM ILSI-IEPARD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNORS TO WVYCKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, OF ILION, NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 671,262, dated April 2, L901.

Original application filed April 18, l398,'$61i&1 No. 677,941. Divided and this application filed December 1, 1898. Serial No. 697,948. (No model.)

To a5], whom, zit may concern:

Be it known that we, DANIEL BRIGGS and WILLIAM H. SHEPARD, citizens of the United States, and residents of the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type- Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This application is a division of our application for Letters Patent filed .on April 18, 1898, Serial No. 677,941.

The present invention relates to type-writing machines wherein a carriage is fed for-.

ward in a step-by-step manner by means of a motor-spring and an escapement controlling the forward motion of the carriage. In the prior art numerous forms or types of escapement mechanisms are disclosed, to most or all of which the present invention or certain parts thereof are readily applicable, and hence while we have elected to show our improvements in connection with only one general form or type of escapement mechanism it will be understood that we do not wish to have all of our claims limited specifically thereto.

A common form of escapement for typewriting machines includes a vibratory bar carrying a fixed dog at the rear, which has a flat working face, and a spacing-dog at the front, which is movable parallel to the plane of the rack (straight or circular) when released from the same in order to come opposite the space between the tooth it has just left and the succeeding tooth. In this construction if the fixed dog is allowed to enter a space of the rack to a depth'sufficient to in- ,sure that the carriage shall be held properly the carriage is held stationary for an undue length of time after the impact of the type upon the platen and while the type is returning and the dog is moving back clear of the tooth with which it is engaged. This makes the machine relatively slow, for the carriage cannot move to give a letter-space un til the fixed dog has released the rack, and the longer it takes the holding-dog to release the rack the slower the action of the feed. An-

other defect of this construction is that it sometimes happens that the spacing-dog is thrown so far in a direction parallel to the rack that it interferes with a tooth of the. rack when the key is released and the dog moves back to engage with the rack and causes the escapement and the carriage to stick and stop, or is thrown too far in a direction parallel to the rack and skips a tooth thereof, thus causing improper spacing. Edorts have been made to overcome the first of these difficulties by means of a bevel on the fixed dog, so as to allow the carriage to begin its motion before it is wholly released from the control of the fixed dog. There is a difficulty, however, connected with this construction, which is that the camming action of the said bevel with a rack-tooth tends to vibrate the rocker-bar carrying the dog and sometimes allows the carriage to skip one or more spaces and unduly separate the letters of a word or the like. This defect shows itself more particularly when thereis a light returning-spring tension on the rocker-bar. Another defect connected with the beveled fixed-dog arrangement is the liability that the rack-tooth instead of catching upon that part or face of the dog which is parallel to the face of the rack-tooth may strike the bevel on the dog. In such case the spacing-rocker may under the momentum of the carriage and the rack escape by the dog even while the key is being depressed, thus causing the machine to skip. This defect shows itself more particularly where the depression of the key is weakly or hesitatingly done. Also in this case when the rack-tooth lands on the bevel instead of on the straight face of the dog there is undue resistance offered to the touch. This resistance is objectionable in itself and also in its occasional consequence of a failure to print when a light finger-stroke is used, the power being absorbed by the said resistance before the type can reach the platen, or, force be applied to cause printin' "there 1s a The objects of our present invention are to avoid in large measure each and all of th foregoing objections.

To these ends we provide an escapement mechanism comprising a rack, (as a straight or segmental toothed bar or a ratchet-wheel,) a i eciprocatory arm or dog carrier, to which is pivoted a spring-pressed feed-dog movable only in the direction of motion of the arm, a holding-dog on said carrier, a rack-tooth stop pivoted on said. holding dog and springpressed, and a combined arrest lug or projection for said swinging stop and for the rackteeth, the working faces of the holding-dog and pivoted rack-tooth stop being normally in one and the same plane and the working face of the feed-dog being so set relatively to the plane of the holding-dog as to allow of a slight forward motion or drop of the rack-teeth in passing from the working face of the feeddog to the working face of the holding-dog.

There is also a stop for limitingthe motion of the feed-dog toward the holding-dog. Our invention includes, broadly,a rack, (as

a straight or segmental rack-bar or a ratchet wheel,) a holding-dog which is normally out of engagement with the rack and with which the rack-teeth in the rapid operation of the devices normally coact to hold the carriage duringthe printing movement of the type,

and a rack-tooth stop movable independently of the said dog and with which the teeth of the rack coact as on escaping from the h,old-

ing-dog during a return of the parts to normal posit-ion or with which the rack-teeth'coact on failure of the normal working face of said dog to move far enough over to catch and hold the rack-teeth, as may occur when a key is slowly depressed, relatively speaking, thus insuring the arrest of the carriage.

Our invention also includes other features of construction and combinations of devices hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in r the claims concluding this specification.

The preferred form of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a central vertical sectional view from front to rear of a Remington No. 6 typewriting machine, showing the new escapement and connections by which it controls the carriage and by which it is operated. Fig. 2 is a rear elevation showing a dog-carrier, an escapement-wheel or circular rack, and a rear view of the dog and stops on said carrier. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showingthe same form of the invention. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the same as arranged for use in connection with a straight rack. Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a holding-dog, a pivoted rack-tooth stop, and other parts. Fig. 6 is a plan viewof holding andfeed dogs, rack-tooth stops, and part of a dog-carrier. Figs. 7 and 8 are diagrammatic plan views illustrating the operations of the mechanism.

The same part will be found to be desig-.

hole in the arm 17.

abutment.

notches in their upper edges at their rear ends for engagement with a rib 6, projecting downwardly from the top of base 1.

7 marks a type-bar hanger secured to ring 4-, and 8 a type-bar pivoted at 9 in said hanger. 10 is a connecting-rod joining the type-bar -8 and key-lever 5, being pivotally attached to each.

11 is the space bar or key on the usual levers l2.

The universal bar 13 is connected by means of links 14 with arms 15, projecting forwardly from a rocker 16, jo'urnaled at'the rear of the machineand provided with an arm or dogcarrier 17, projecting upwardly therefrom, and with a returning-spring 18.

The foregoing devices are or may be of any usual or suitable construction.

In this form of our invention we attach a metal block or plate 19. firmly to carrier 17, as by a screw 20, which passes through a hole 21 in the plate 19 and engages with a threaded The upper end of the plate 19 is formed or provided with a forwardly-projecting tongue-like piece 22, that constitutes the holding-dog. The tongue or dog 22 is separated from the body of the plate 19 by a slot or notch 24:. A rack-tooth stop 25, shaped somewhat like the letter U, is attached to the said dog 22 by a vertical pivot26 to embrace said dog and to lie with its'working face or surface 2.7v normally in the'plane of the working face of the dog 22. The stop 25 is held in normal position by suitable means, as by'a spring 28, secured at one end to plate 19 by a screw 29, which engages with a threaded hole in said plate. The free end of the spring 28 bears against the rearor non-working face of stop 25, while the other end of the spring is held between the head of screw 29 and plate 19. The front or free end oftongue or dog 22 is beveled, as shown in Fig. 7, to form an abutment 30,

against which the spring 28 normally presses the stop 25. The inner surface 31 of the end of the stop 25 is beveled to contact with the abutment 30 for but a small amount, so as to provide suificient clearance and also avoid possible sticking togetherof the stop and the The outer surface 32 of the end of the swinging stop 25 is also beveled, and the arm 17 is provided with a lug or projection 33, having two surfaces 34 35 at an angle to each other, (shown as an obtuse angle,) and one of which, 34, forms a rack-tooth stop and the other, 35, forms a stop for coaction with the beveled face 32 to arrest the stop 25 when swung on its pivot against the force of the spring 28. The lug 33 may be integral with the arm 17; but for constructional reasons it is shown as an independent piece or block of metal which is attached to the arm 17 suitably, as by a screw 36 passing through a slot or hole in block 33 and engaging a threaded hole in the arm 17. A compressible or other washer 37 may be interposed between lug 33 and arm 17.

The arm 17 is provided with a screw 38, engaging a threaded hole in the arm, and on this screw we pivota sleeve 39, provided with a rigid extension or arm 40, forming a feed dog, whose working face 41 is parallel to and preferably is not in the plane of the working face of the holding-dog. The relative positions of the rack-engaging faces of the dogs 40 and 22 are such that the rack-teeth 42, operatively connected to the carriage 43 of the machine, have a slight forward motion or drop as they pass in the operation of the machine from the feed-dog 'to the holdingdog. A spring 44, loosely coiled about the sleeve 39, has one end secured to said sleeve, as by insertion in a hole in the sleeve, and the other end bearing against the carrier 17. The tension of the spring 44 is such that the spring normally tends to throw the upper or free end of dog 40 to the rear or toward the dog 22. A stop 45 on the arm 17 limits such rearward movement of the dog 40. The rear inner vertical edge of the dog 40 is beveled off, as at 40, in order to facilitate the escape of the rack-teeth 42. The dog 40 is also provided with a detent 47 to enter the square notches 48 at the bottoms of the kerfs between the teeth 42 of the ratchet-wheel 49.

The ratchet-wheel 49 is secured to a shaft 50, jonrnaled in the frame, as by a backingratchet in a casing 51. The shaft 50 is provided with a toothed wheel 52, fast thereto, with which a rack or ratchet bar 53, connected to the carriage, meshes. As shown, the bar 53 is carried by the arms 54, connected to the carriage 43 in a known manner.

The operation of the above-described meclr anism is as follows: Upon the smart depression of a key-lever the dog holder or carrier 17 is thrown forward quickly by the connections intermediate said carrier and the keylever depressed. This movement of the arm 17 carries the feed-dog 40 out of engagement with a tooth 42 (such dog 40 being normally in engagement with the ratchet-wheel 49) and brings the dog 22 into the path of the tooth 42 just released by the dog 40, and the holding-dog 22 arrests and holds the said tooth. On a quick release of the depressed key-lever and a quick return of the parts to normal positions the dog 22 glides out of engagement with the working face of the tooth 42, whereupon the carriage-moving spring 55 (of usual construction and arrangement) moves the carriage 43 and rack 53 forward, thus rotating pinion 52, shaft 50, and wheel 49, and the tooth 42, which was in engagement with the dog 22, now engages with the face 27 of the stop 25 and pushes said stop to the right in the machine or to the left in Figs. 6 and 7 and passes behind the dog 40 at the same time. It is intended that the teeth 42 shall engage with bevel 46 at this time and push the dog 40 aside, (the spring 44 yielding.) As the teeth 42 pass clear of the dog 40, the dog snaps in behind the same into position for arresting the succeeding tooth 42. The tooth 42 may push the stop 25 far enough to cause the face 32 to engage the bevel 35, thus arresting the swinging stop, or the tooth may escape so rapidly that the stop 25 will be swungslightly only. In the former case the tooth 42 may also slip off the face 27 and come in momentary contact with the face or stop 34 before wholly escaping through the oblique opening between the feed-dog on one side and the holding-dog and stops on the other side. The foregoing describes the actions that take place on rapid manipulation of the parts. Assuming that the key is weakly or hesitatingly depressed, the tooth 42 in engagement with the dog 40 is released therefrom as the dog moves forwardly and falls on the face 27, (the shortest distance between the point of stop 25 and the point of dog 40 being slightly less than thewidth of a tooth 42,) the spring 28 at once yields, and the stop 25 is carried back against the stop 35 and the side of the tooth 42 comes in contact with the point or end of the dog 22. The springiness and give of the key-lever and connections permit the type to reach the platen 56 and give an impressio meven though the forward motion of the arm 17 is thus arrested. On the release of the key the tooth 42 may glide off stop 25 without touching the relatively-fixed stop 34, or it may touch the san1e,as indicated in Fig. 3.

In the modification shown at Fig. 4 the circular rack 49 is replaced by a straight rack or ratchet bar 49, whose teeth 42" engage the dogs 22 and 40 in substantially the same manner as in the case above described. The operation is also substantially the same as that above described, and hence need not be repeated.

Wehaveforconvenienceealledthedog 22 the holding-dog and the dog 40 the feed-dog, because the former acts to hold the carriage when the type is about to make its impact and the latter coacts with the rack to enable the carriage to feed its letter-space distance after such impact. By preference the distance apart of the working faces of the feed dog and the holding-dog and the width of the teeth of the fced rack and the throw of the dog holder or carrier are so related to each other as that in the normal action of the machine when the dogs are vibrated quickly and the feed-dog is disengaged from the racktooth the latter is instantly engaged by the working face of the holding-dog and at a point near its extreme end, whence it results upon the release of the finger-key the holdingd og will instantly part company with the racktooth and the latter will start to make its cs ails capement, and of course the carriage willsimultaneously beg-inits feed movement. The escapement of the rack-tooth is not hindered by the pivotedstop, the spring of which yields to the superior force of the carriage-spring. There is thus a quick escape of the rack-tooth, and this quick escape likewise occurs whenever the pivoted rack-tooth stop has arrested the rack-tooth and is subsequently allowed to move away from said tooth by the release of the pressure upon the finger-key. It will thus be seen that the mechanism is arranged to operate fully as quickly after the type-impression as any prior constructions of this general class and that at the same time means are provided for insuring against skipping and for overcoming every well-known defect in such constructions.

As far as some of the broader features of our invention are concerned any form or detail construction of feeding-dog may be employed and also the form of the holding-dog may be varied from that herein shown and above described without departing from our invention, for it is apparent that the independentlynnovable rack-tooth stop may be used with a great variety of holding and feeding dogs constructed and arranged difierently from those herein shown.

What We claimas new,.and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a type-Writing machine and in an .escapement mechanism, the combinationof .a power-driven carriage, an escapement-rack connected thereto, means for norm ally detaining said rack, a holding-dog normally disengaged from said rack, and a stop to engage" the teeth of the rack and movable independently of said dog, said stop being normally disengaged from the rack, substantially as described.

2. In atype-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack,a holding-dog, and an independentlymovable stop carried by said dog to engage the teeth of the rack, said stop being normally disengaged from the rack,substantially as described.

3. In atype-writing machine and ,in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a power driven carriage, a rack connected thereto, means for normally detaining said rack, a holding-dog normally disengaged from said rack, and a pivoted rack-tooth stop, said stop being normally disengaged from the rack, substantially as described.

4:. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a feed-dog normally in engagement with the rack, and a stop to engage the rack-teeth'and movable independently of said dogs, substantially as described.

5. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a feed-dog normally in engagement with the rack, and a stop to enattest gage the rack-teeth and carried by the holding-dog and movable independently thereof, substantially as described.

6. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a feed-dog normally in engagement with said rack,:and a rack-tooth stop pivoted on the holding-dog, substantially as described.

7. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, and a stop to engage the rack-teeth and movable independently of said dog, substantially as described.

8. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, and an independently-movable stop carried by said dog to engage the teeth of the rack, substantially as described.

9. .In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed Rack-tooth stop and a rack-tooth stop pivoted on said dog, substantially as described.

.10. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, .a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a feed-dog normally in engagement with the rack, anda stop to engage the rack-teeth and movable independently of said dogs, substantially as described.

11. Ina type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a.

rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a feed-dog nor-mally inengagement with the rack, and an independently-movable stop carried by .said holding-dog and adapted to engage the rack-teeth, substantially as described.

12. In a type-writing machineand in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a feed-dog normally in engagement with the rack, anda rack-tooth stop pivoted-on said holding-dog, substantially .as described.

13. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, aholding-dog, a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack, and a stop to engage the rack-teeth and movable independently of said dogs, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack, and an independently-movable stop carried by said holdingdog to engage the rack-teeth, substantially as described.

15. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack,.a holding-dog, a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack and a rack-tooth stop pivoted on the holding-dog, substantially as described.

16. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack, and a stop to engage the rack-teeth and movable independently of said dogs, substantially as described.

. 17. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack and an independently-movable stop carried by the holding-dog and adapted to engage the rack-teeth, substantiallya described.

18. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a spring'pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack and a rack-tooth stop pivoted on said holding-dog, substantially as described.

19. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a pivo'ted rack-tooth stop provided with a beveled outside end, and a beveled stop for coaction with said beveled capement mechanism, the combination of a.

rack, a holding-dog, a pivoted rack-tooth stop provided with a beveled outside end, a beveled stop for coaction with said beveled end to arrest said tooth-stop, a spring for operating said tooth-stop, and a feed-dog normally in engagement with the rack, substantially as described.

22. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a pivoted rack-tooth stop provided with a beveled outside end, a beveled end to arrest said tooth-stop, a spring for operating said rack-tooth stop, and a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack, substantially as described.

23. ha type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a spring-pressed pivoted rack-tooth stop, and a stop to arrest said pivoted stop, substantially as described.

24. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a spring-pressed pivoted rack-tooth stop, a stop to arrest said pivoted stop, and a feeddog normally in engagement with the rack, substantially as described.

25. In a type-Writingmachine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a holding-dog, a fixed rack-tooth stop, a spring-pressed pivoted rack-tooth stop, a stop to arrest said pivoted stop, and a springpressed feed-dog movable on its carrier, and normally in engagement with the rack, substan tially as described.

26. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a movable dog-carrier, a holding-dog on said carrier, a pivoted spring-pressed racktooth stop, and a lug on said carrier provided with two faces at an angle to each other and one acting as a rack-tooth stop and the other face adapted to arrest the pivoted stop, sub stantially as described.

27. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a movable dog-carrier, a holding-dog on said carrier, a pivoted spring-pressed racktooth stop, a lug on said carrier provided with two faces at an angle to each other and one acting as a rack-tooth stop and the other face adapted to arrest the pivoted stop, and a feeddog normally in engagement with the rack, substantially as described.

28. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a movable dog-carrier, a holding-dog on said carrier, a pivoted spring-pressed racktooth stop, a lug on said carrier provided with two faces at an angle to each other and one acting as a rack-tooth stop and the other face adapted to arrest the pivoted stop, and a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on its carrier and normally in engagement with the rack, substantially as described.

29. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a movable dog-carrier, a holding-dog thereon, a spring-pressed feed-dog movable on said carrier in or substantially in the plane of motion thereof and normally in engagement With the rack, a pivoted spring-pressed rack-tooth stop intermediate said dogs, and provided with a beveled end, and a lug on said carrier provided with two faces at an angle with each other and one acting as a rack-tooth stop and the other coacting with said beveled end to arrest said pivoted stop, substantially as described.

30. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a feed-dog normally in engagement with said rack, a holding-dog, and a dog or stoppiece having a limited motion in the direction of the feed of the rack and adapted to catch the rack-teeth in case they should fail to land on the holding-dog and move a lim- IIO ited distance with said teeth, but holding the same against escape before the type can make their impress and the letter-feed of the carriage be completed or perfected, whereby skipping is prevented, substantially as described.

3l. In a type-writing machine and in a quick-release eseapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a feed-dog normally in engagement with said rack, a holding-dog, and a swinging spring-pressed rack-tooth stop having the Working face normally in or sub-- stantially in the plane of the Working face of, the holding-dog and located between said hold-' ing-dog and saidfeed-dogand adapted toswing in the direction of the rack-feed to quickly release the rack-teeth after they slide oflf the holding-dog and onto said tooth-stop, substantially as described.

32. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a tongue-shaped holding-dog and a spring-pressed pivoted U-shaped stop to engage the teeth of the rack and embracing said tongue-shaped holding-dog and having its working face in or substantially in the plane of the working face of said dog, substantially as described.

33. In a type-Writing machine andin an escapement mechanism, the combination of a power-driven carriage,a rack connected thereto, means for normally detaining said rack, a carrier upon which is fixed a holding-dog, and a stop to engage the teeth of said rack and movable upon said carrier independently of said dog, said stop being normally disengaged from the rack, substantially as described.

34. In a type-Writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack and a holding -'dog having a springpressed rack-tooth stop pivoted thereto, the axis of said pivot being parallel or substan- 'tially parallel to the plane of the rack, substantially as described.

35. In a type-writing machine andin an escapement mechanism, the combination of a rack, a tongue-shaped holding-dog, a springpressed U-shaped pivoted rack-tooth-stop embracing said holding-dog and means for arresting said stop when operated by said spring with its working face in or substantially in the plane of the working face of said dog, substantially as described.

36. In a type-writing machine and in an escapement mechanism, thecombination of a rack, a tongue-shaped holding-dog having a beveled end and a spring-pressed pivoted U- shaped rack-tooth stop adapted to be arrested by said beveled end when operated by said spring and with its working face in or substantially in the plane of the Working face of said dog, substantially as described.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York,.this 30th day of November, A. D. 1898.

DANIEL BRIGGS.

WM. H. SHEPARD.

Witnesses:

PAUL ARMITA'GE, K. V. DONOVAN. 

